Gac Oil --- Antioxidants **木鳖果油与抗氧化剂**
木鳖果油为什么可以保养皮肤?
木鳖果油保护和保养皮肤主要来自高含量的类胡萝卜素，根据 “抗氧化剂” 特刊一篇名为“我们是否充分利用了类胡萝卜素对皮肤的保护作用？”研究论文所述：
Why Gac Fruit Oil can maintain healthy skin?
Gac fruit oil protects and maintains the skin mainly from the high levels of carotenoids. According to a special paper "Antioxidants", " Do We Utilise Our Knowledge of the Skin Protective Effects of Carotenoids Enough?"
皮肤作为对各种环境因素的影响，如机械损伤，有害物质，微生物，自由基，和紫外线辐射（UVR）的保护性屏障。除了内源性因素，外部压力源，主要是紫外线辐射(UVR)，结果在皮肤如炎症的改变，免疫功能受损和表皮屏障体内平衡，光老化，以及最重要的各种皮肤疾病和恶性肿瘤的形成。由于不同的行之有效的促进健康的作用，类胡萝卜素是与其它一些营养品广泛的研究和投入的许多科学和促进健康的群体的利益焦点沿。
Skin acts as a protective barrier against various environmental influences such as mechanical damage, noxious substances, microorganisms, free radicals, and ultraviolet radiation (UVR). In addition to endogenous factors, external stressors, primarily UVR, result in the alterations of the skin such as inflammation, impaired immune function and epidermal barrier homeostasis, photo-aging and most importantly the formation of various skin diseases and malignancies. Due to the diverse proven health-promoting effects, carotenoids along with some other nutraceuticals have been widely investigated and put in the focus of interest of many scientific and health-promoting studies.
类胡萝卜素主要积聚在皮肤的表皮，可以充当皮肤面临各种环境影响的保护屏障。当皮肤暴露在紫外线（UVR）、空气污染、吸烟等环境中，会引发皮肤的氧化应激并导致皮肤表皮老化。紫外线是最突出的环境因素，可能导致晒伤、DNA损伤和皮肤癌。大量研究表明，类胡萝卜素，尤其是β-胡萝卜素、蕃茄红素、叶黄素和虾青素，不仅具有直接的光吸收特性,光保护作用,而且具有抗氧化作用（清除活性氧）。从临床实验发现, 类胡萝卜素可以抑制紫外线诱导的基因表达，对皮肤的氧化应激相关信号进行调节,对皮肤细胞和组织的发炎反应也有抑制作用。
在对习惯性摄取大量富含类胡萝卜素饮食的人进行的干预研究发现，类胡萝卜素通过降低对紫外线引起的红斑的敏感性而对皮肤产生光保护作用,而且可以预防和改善皮肤老化,包括改善皮肤弹性和水合作用，改善皮肤质地，减少皱纹和老年斑。此外，类胡萝卜素可能有助于预防和治疗某些光皮病，包括促红细胞性原卟啉症（EPP）、皮肤卟啉卟啉菌（PCT）和多形性光疹（PMLE）。紫外线被认为是非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）和黑色素瘤发展的主要原因，推估类胡萝卜素的光保护作用可以预防黑色素瘤的发生，但现有研究仍不能直接确认类胡萝卜素在皮肤光致癌作用中的保护作用。
(antioxidants; 2019.7.31;by米斯拉夫·莫科斯Mislav Mokos)
Carotenoids accumulate mostly in the epidermis of the skin, act as a protective barrier to various environmental influences. The skin is exposed to numerous environmental factors, including ultraviolet radiation (UVR), air pollution, and smoking that cause oxidative stress within the skin with consequent premature (extrinsic) aging. UVR, as the most prominent environmental factor may cause additional detrimental skin effects such as sunburn, DNA damage and skin cancer. Therefore, photo protection is the first line intervention in the prevention of premature aging and skin cancer. Numerous studies have demonstrated that carotenoids, particularly β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and astaxanthin, have photo protective effects not only through direct light-absorbing properties, but also through their antioxidant effects (scavenging reactive oxygen species) as well as by regulation of UV light-induced gene expression, modulation of stress-dependent signaling and/or suppression of cellular and tissue responses like inflammation.
Interventional studies in humans with carotenoid-rich diet have shown its photoprotective effects on the skin (mostly by decreasing the sensitivity to UVR-induced erythema) and its beneficial effects in prevention and improvement of skin aging (improved skin elasticity and hydration, skin texture, wrinkles, and age spots). Furthermore, carotenoids may be helpful in the prevention and treatment of some photo-dermatoses, including erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) and polymorphous light eruption (PMLE). Although UVR is recognized as the main etiopathogenetic factor in the development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and melanoma and the photoprotective effects of carotenoids are certain, available studies still could not undoubtedly confirm the protective role of carotenoids in skin photo-carcinogenesis. (antioxidants; 2019.7.31;by Mislav Mokos)
